Welcome to our Civil and Building Construction Forum.

Here, you will get insights about our knowledge in Building Construction and learn around engineering related study material.

 

 

Types of Construction Materials;

Now as we all know, that most structures are built with cement and concrete, but to save costs people still use other materials along with concrete, most notably wood. However in many poverty stricken countries, houses are built with whatever people could get.

Nonetheless, if you are one of those who can afford to buy some quality house building material, here is some info on few of the many types of materials use to construct houses:...READ MORE...

 

Importance of Civil Engineering materials like bricks/blocks;

A brick is a block or a single unit of a ceramic material used in masonry construction. Typically bricks are stacked together or laid as brickwork using various kinds of mortar to hold the bricks together and make a permanent structure. Bricks are typically produced in common or standard sizes in bulk quantities. They have been regarded as one of the longest lasting and strongest building materials used throughout history....READ MORE...

 

Properties and Importance of Civil Engineering Materials like Stone;

Building stone is obtained by taking rock from the earth and reducing it to the required shapes and sizes for construction. It is a natural, richly diverse material that can vary greatly in its chemistry, structure, physical properties, and appearance. Geologically, stone can be classiÞ ed into three types according to how it was formed:...READ MORE...

 

Aggregates for Concrete;

The importance of using the right type and quality of aggregates cannot be overemphasized. The fine and coarse aggregates generally occupy 60% to 75% of the concrete volume (70% to 85% by mass) and strongly influence the concrete’s freshly mixed and hardened properties, mixture proportions, and economy....READ MORE...

 

Sand;

Sand is a naturally occurring granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles. The composition of sand is highly variable, depending on the local rock sources and conditions, but the most common constituent of sand in inland continental settings and non-tropical coastal settings is silica (silicon dioxide, or SiO2), usually in the form of quartz....READ MORE...

 

Mortar and Concrete;

Concrete is a composite construction material made primarily with aggregate, cement, and water. There are many formulations of concrete, which provide varied properties, and concrete is the most used man-made product in the world....READ MORE...

 

Importance of Civil Engineering materials like Cement;

Paints;   

Paints are used to protect metals, timber or plastered surfaces from the corrosive effects of weather, heat, moisture or gases etc. and also to improve their appearance....READ MORE...

 

Timber;  

Wood construction is common for many single-family houses throughout the world. In areas where timber and wood materials are easily accessible, wood construction is often considered to be the cheapest and best approach for small housing structures....READ MORE...

 

Basic Introduction of Hydraulic Structures of Storage (only Dams); 

Worldwide, over 45,000 large dams have been built, and nearly half the world's rivers are obstructed by a large dam. The belief that large dams, by increasing irrigation and hydroelectricity production, can cause development and reduce poverty has led developing countries and international agencies such as the World Bank to undertake major investments in dam construction. By the year 2000, dams generated 19 percent of the world's electricity supply and irrigated over 30 percent of the 271 million hectares irrigated worldwide. However, these dams also displaced over 40 million people, altered cropping patterns, and significantly increased salinization and waterlogging of arable land [World Commission on Dams, 2000a]....READ MORE...

 

Ceramic Materials;     

Ceramic materials are inorganic, non-metallic materials made from compounds of a metal and a non metal. Ceramic materials may be crystalline or partly crystalline. They are formed by the action of heat and subsequent cooling.[1] Clay was one of the earliest materials used to produce ceramics, but many different ceramic materials are now used in domestic, industrial and building products. Ceramic materials tend to be strong, stiff, brittle, chemically inert, and non-conductors of heat and electricity, but their properties vary widely. For example, porcelain is widely used to make electrical insulators, but some ceramic compounds are superconductors....READ MORE...  

 

Ferrous and Non Ferrous Metals;   

Ferrous metals are iron base metals which include all variety of pig iron, cast iron wrought iron and steels. The ferrous metals are those which have iron as their main constituents. The ferrous metals commonly used in engineering practice are cast iron, wrought iron, steel and alloy steels. The basic principal raw material for all ferrous metals is pig iron which is obtained by smelting iron ore, coke and limestone, in the blast furnace. The principal iron ores with their metallic contents...READ MORE...     

 

Importance of Civil Engineering materials like Lime; 

Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed primarily of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in the form of the mineral calcite. It most commonly forms in clear, warm, shallow marine waters. It is usually an organic sedimentary rock that forms from the accumulation of shell, coral, algal and fecal debris. It can also be a chemical sedimentary rock formed by the precipitation of calcium carbonate from lake or ocean water....READ MORE...  

 

Plastics;     

Plastics were first invented in 1860, but have only been widely used in the last 30 years.  They are light, durable, mouldable, hygienic and economic, making them suitable for a wide variety of applications including food and product packaging, car manufacturing, agriculture and housing products. Plastics are made up of long chain molecules called polymers.  Polymers are made when naturally occurring substances such as coal, natural gas and oil are transformed into other substances with completely different properties. These polymers can then be made into granules, powders and liquids, becoming the raw materials for plastic products....READ MORE...

 

Water requirements and its conservation; 

Water conservation encompasses the policies, strategies and activities to manage fresh water as a sustainable resource to protect the water environment and to meet current and future human demand. Population, household size and growth and affluence all affect how much water is used. Factors such as climate change will increase pressures on natural water resources especially in manufacturing and agricultural irrigation....READ MORE... 

 

Glass & Glazing;     

There are nearly as many different variable considerations included within the topic of glass as with all other components of windows & doors combined. After all, glass is the most obvious part of any window and many doors include, at least some, glass....READ MORE...  

 

Watershed Development;   

The Karnataka Watershed Development Project (KAWAD) is located in the northern districts of Karnataka State, India. This is an area that is characterised by limited water resources for which there is increasing competition. In addition to piloting different institutional approaches to watershed development, KAWAD aims to improve the livelihoods of the inhabitants of three selected watersheds (total area of around 45 000 ha)....READ MORE...

 

 

 

 

 

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